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The President of the Republic as part of the Executive Branch
Vosáhlo, Jakub ; Janstová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Antoš, Marek (referee)
This dissertation analyzes the institution of president of republic. It describes specifics of this institution, located between "chief of state" and executive body. Then the dissertation studies his relationship to executive power. It covers analysis of presidential constitutional powers, but also other aspects, influencing presidential position and power in constitutional system. Necessary part of this analysis is study of constitutional position of president. This study comes from parliamentary character of constitutional system and presidential powers in this system. It also includes comparison of chosen parliamentary systems. Then the dissertation analyzes specific phenomenon of Czech president. In this country president traditionally has weak constitutional power, but in contrast he disposes with strong authority in public, and this authority gives him big informal influence in political relationships. It can empower his position very well. Dissertation analyzes historical sources of this phenomenon, development of constitutional power of president and also traditions and constitutional use in praxis. It takes a thing about the role of all presidents in all [very diverse] regimes during Czechoslovak and Czech statehood. Development of presidential tradition after assumption of actual constitution is...
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The Development Aspects of the Interrelationship between the Jurisdiction and State Administration in Czechoslovakia (1918 - 1938) with regard to the development of german administrative justice
Bláhová, Ivana ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The aim of this thesis named Development aspects of the relationship between judicial system and administrative structure in Czechoslovakia (1918-1938) considering the development of the German administrative justice is to analyse the basic development aspects of the relationship between executive and judicial power in Czechoslovakia. The capstones of the thesis are particularly state administration of the courts, territorial scope and administrative justice. Moreover, a comparative part describing the administrative justice and the gradual elimination of the separation of powers in Germany in the thirties was added. The thesis is composed of five chapters. The first one introduces the matter. The second chapter defines the essential terms like separation of powers, executive and judicial power, state and public administration, judicial system, as well as state administration of the courts, territorial scope and administrative justice. The third chapter deals with the history of the relationship between administration and judicial system in Austria and Austro-Hungarian Empire in the second half of the 19th century. The following, most important chapter describes the constitutional development after the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918. The fourth chapter is divided into...
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Selection of Constitutional Justices in Czechia and Slovakia
Svoboda, Jiří ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
Thesis focuses on institutional aspect of selection of constitutional judges in Czechia and in Slovakia, personal aspect of selection, i.e. identification of the groups of recruitment and requirements and qualities of the judges. Thesis also focuses on the process, i.e. procedural aspects within which the key authorities (presidents and parliaments) compare and choose individual candidates. Based on this analysis the student will identify strengths and weaknesses of both systems, which could lead to paralysis of court in question.
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Imperator and gubernator. Overlap of functions of two prime ministers from the perspective of constitutional law, comparative politics and theoretical "Staatswissenschaft"
Vanča, Matouš ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
Author Matouš Vanča Title Imperator and Gubernator. Overlap of Functions of Two Prime Ministers from the Perspective of Constitutional Law, Comparative Politics and Theoretical 'Staatswissenschaft' Abstract This thesis deals with the so-called 'problem of the two PMs', i.e. situation during the alternation of governments in the Czech Republic when the two Prime Ministers coexist shortly at the same time. This specific situation is a potential source of extensive conflict over the authority to exercise the constitutional powers of the Prime Minister. In the first chapter the whole issue is analyzed from the historical point of view-it could be regarded as a relatively new matter of the current Czech constitution, however, even in the older Czechoslovak constitutional tradition, problems of a similar type can be found that have not yet been given more attention. The second chapter presents the views of constitutional lawyers on the whole topic-they are divided into three basic hypotheses, "denialism hypothesis", "one-hour hypothesis" and "Benelux hypothesis". In the third chapter there is a comprehensive comparison within the European Union-the mechanisms of government alternation in particular European constitutions are analyzed, their strengths and weaknesses are discussed and the states are categorized...
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The President of the Czech Republic
Herc, Tomáš ; Pavlíček, Václav (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee) ; Jičínský, Zdeněk (referee)
In terms of government structure, the constitutional system of the Czech Republic is based on the principles of the parliamentary form of government. That means executive powers are vested in the Government (Council of Ministers), which is accountable to the Parliament through the vote of confidence. The Head of State as a pouvoir neutre plays usually a representative and integrating role in this system. On the contrary the President lacks the political accountability and the Parliament (or another voting body) does not have any direct way of holding him accountable for his action. Except for high treason he also cannot be prosecuted for his actions during his term. The Government therefore usually influences the exercise of his powers by countersigning his acts or decisions. Nevertheless, the role of the Czech President within the constitutional system is not only ceremonial; through his powers he can also actively participate in the adoption of political decisions. He can even exercise some of his expressly granted powers not subject to approval of the Government or any other constitutional body. But is such extent of powers compatible with the fact of his non-accountability? The public debate about these issues has been arising repeatedly since the adoption of the Czech Constitution without...
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The Development Aspects of the Interrelationship between the Jurisdiction and State Administration in Czechoslovakia (1918 - 1938) with regard to the development of german administrative justice
Bláhová, Ivana ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The aim of this thesis named Development aspects of the relationship between judicial system and administrative structure in Czechoslovakia (1918-1938) considering the development of the German administrative justice is to analyse the basic development aspects of the relationship between executive and judicial power in Czechoslovakia. The capstones of the thesis are particularly state administration of the courts, territorial scope and administrative justice. Moreover, a comparative part describing the administrative justice and the gradual elimination of the separation of powers in Germany in the thirties was added. The thesis is composed of five chapters. The first one introduces the matter. The second chapter defines the essential terms like separation of powers, executive and judicial power, state and public administration, judicial system, as well as state administration of the courts, territorial scope and administrative justice. The third chapter deals with the history of the relationship between administration and judicial system in Austria and Austro-Hungarian Empire in the second half of the 19th century. The following, most important chapter describes the constitutional development after the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918. The fourth chapter is divided into...
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The President of the Republic as part of the Executive Branch
Vosáhlo, Jakub ; Janstová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Antoš, Marek (referee)
This dissertation analyzes the institution of president of republic. It describes specifics of this institution, located between "chief of state" and executive body. Then the dissertation studies his relationship to executive power. It covers analysis of presidential constitutional powers, but also other aspects, influencing presidential position and power in constitutional system. Necessary part of this analysis is study of constitutional position of president. This study comes from parliamentary character of constitutional system and presidential powers in this system. It also includes comparison of chosen parliamentary systems. Then the dissertation analyzes specific phenomenon of Czech president. In this country president traditionally has weak constitutional power, but in contrast he disposes with strong authority in public, and this authority gives him big informal influence in political relationships. It can empower his position very well. Dissertation analyzes historical sources of this phenomenon, development of constitutional power of president and also traditions and constitutional use in praxis. It takes a thing about the role of all presidents in all [very diverse] regimes during Czechoslovak and Czech statehood. Development of presidential tradition after assumption of actual constitution is...
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Election of Presidents and their competences: Case study of changes of presidential elections in Czech Republic
Woloszczuková, Kristýna ; Vymětal, Petr (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The theme of this bachelor thesis is focused on the current changes in presidential electoral system in the Czech Republic. The paper is divided into three main parts. The first chapter deals with the theoretical definitions of the topic, election of the President and his powers in different political systems, the next chapter focuses on presidential elections and the extent of his powers currently (2012) in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Subsequently, the paper focuses on the changes of presidential election system in CZ, to direct elections, and its impact on the President's powers. In this chapter there are new conditions of candidacy and also the impact of this, so long discussed changes to the electoral system of the president, on his position in the political system of our country.
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Problems of the small municipalities in the Czech Republic with respect to the functioning and effectiveness of the public administration
Klusáček, Petr
The contribution deals with certain issues which are connected with the third period of the current public administration reform in the Czech Republic. The attention is paid especially to the functional aspects of the above-mentioned reform. From hierarchical point of view, the contribution is focused on the municipal level, where exist the most significant disparities caused by large occurrence of the small municipalities (defined as a municipality up to 1 000 inhabitants). The main objective is to find the most suitable measures and tools, which could be implemented in future to achieve improvements in the functioning and effectiveness of the public administration on the territory of the Czech Republic.
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